Noise Removal
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Digital cameras as well as other digital instruments have to deal with noise and artefacts. Noise in a picture can be considered as a random variation in the normal pixel distribution. In other cases, noise is not random when caused by a digital process like JPEG compression, leading to so-called JPEG artefacts. A small amount of noise is normal for a photo, due to the limits of the camera's sensor. When the amount of artefacts or noise is too big, it's possible to reduce it with special digital corrections. Keep in mind, that reducing noise will loose some of the photograph's original information, so you have to accept a compromise when using these tools.

Noise

This applies a smart smoothing operation that preserve the true edges (high frequencies) of the picture, removing artificial disturbance in the low frequencies.

Jpeg Noise

As you probably know jpeg is a lossy format and saving a picture in this format with a high compression can degrade it noticeably. A common mistake is to reload and save a jpeg file several times: even using low compression each time this process will degrade the quality of the picture.
Jpeg can present small and big artefacts: Small artefacts are visible as halos near the edges of the pictures. They appear when the jpeg has a medium compression. Big artefacts are blocks of pixels of the same color and they appear when jpeg files are heavily compressed.
To reduce both these problems use this Remove Jpeg Noise tool.

Moirè (Despeckle)

When acquiring a picture from a scanner it may appear a problem called Moirè Artifacts. It consists in the presence of slightly visible stripes all over the picture, equally distant one from the other.
The Remove Moirè filter can reduce this problem in your picture. Use the slider to regulate the amount of filter to be applied.

icon_tipImportant
 
·Remember, that correction tools permanently change the original information inside a photograph. Noise may appear less annoying on different monitors or if the image is zoomed. CodedColor, for instance, applies a non-permanent display filter to the image during zoom operations by the user, thus temporarily reducing noise and artefacts.  
 
·When selecting parts of the image using the selection tools, all brushes and correction dialogs only apply to these selections. Selections can also have a feather, reducing the effect of the brush or correction close to the selection borders.  

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